Global prevalence, trend and projection of myopia in children and adolescents from 1990 to 2050: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis (2025)

1. Jinghong Liang1,
2. Yingqi Pu1,
3. Jiaqi Chen1,
4. Meiling Liu1,
5. Bowen Ouyang2,
6. Zhengge Jin1,
7. Wenxin Ge1,
8. Zhuowen Wu1,
9. Xiuzhi Yang1,
10. http://orcid.org/0009-0006-6010-3572Chunsong Qin3,
11. Cong Wang4,
12. Shan Huang1,
13. Nan Jiang1,
14. Lixin Hu1,
15. Yushan Zhang1,
16. Zhaohuan Gui5,
17. Xueya Pu1,
18. Shaoyi Huang1,
19. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3132-2945Yajun Chen1

1. ¹Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
2. ²Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
3. ³Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
4. ⁴Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
5. ⁵Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

1. Correspondence to Dr Yajun Chen; chenyajun68{at}yeah.net

• Child health (paediatrics)
• Epidemiology
• Eye (Globe)
• Public health
• Vision

• Child health (paediatrics)
• Epidemiology
• Eye (Globe)
• Public health
• Vision

Footnotes

• JL, YP and JC contributed equally.

• Contributors JHL: conceptualisation, literature search, screening, data extraction, formal analysis, methodology, resources, software, visualisation, writing - original draft, writing - review and editing. YQP: literature search, screening, data curation, visualisation, data extraction, writing - original draft, writing - review and editing. JQC: literature search, screening, data curation, data extraction, writing - review and editing. MLL: screening, data extraction, software, visualisation. BWO: methodology, writing - review and editing. ZGJ: screening, data extraction, resources. WXG: screening, data extraction, software. ZWW: screening, data extraction, resources. XZY: screening, data extraction, software. CSQ: screening, data extraction, resources. CW: methodology, writing - review and editing. SH: resources, writing - review and editing. NJ: software, writing - review and editing. LXH: resources, writing - review and editing. YSZ: software, writing - review and editing. ZHG: resources, writing - review and editing. XYP: software, writing - review and editing. SYH: resources, writing - review and editing. YJC: conceptualisation, funding acquisition, project administration, resources, supervision, validation, writing - review and editing.YJC is the guarantor.

• Funding The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82273650).

• Competing interests None declared.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

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